Report IMD 2019

ก-11 Item Indicator 2553 (2010) 2554 (2011) 2555 (2012) 2556 (2013) 2557 (2014) 2558 (2015) 2559 (2016) 2560 (2017) 2561 (2018) 2562 (2019) 2.3.03 Interest rate spread 5.24 5.16 4.64 4.30 4.07 4.81 5.15 4.96 3.10 2.86 Unit: Percent (Rank) (42) (41) (40) (42) (38) (43) (47) (45) (32) (28) 2.3.04 Country credit rating 58.50 60.20 63.20 61.20 63.10 63.50 60.90 61.50 61.50 39.00 Unit: Index (Rank) (42) (41) (41) (39) (38) (38) (43) (42) (42) (40) 2.3.05 Central bank policy (Survey) 6.46 6.52 7.17 7.50 6.86 6.53 6.88 7.16 6.90 7.12 Unit: 0-10 (Negative- Positive) (Rank) (27) (28) (15) (14) (22) (23) (16) (10) (15) (17) 2.3.06 Foreign currency reserves (Background) 138.42 172.13 175.77 184.22 167.23 157.11 161.71 171.90 202.56 205.64 Unit: US$ billions (Rank) (11) (12) (14) (14) (13) (13) (13) (14) (12) (12) 2.3.07 Foreign currency reserves per capita 2,484.00 2,631.00 3,060.00 3,100.00 Unit: US$ (Rank) (26) (27) (20) (22) 2.3.08 Exchange rate stability 0.020 0.136 0.090 0.015 0.030 0.036 0.026 0.006 0.018 0.068 Unit: Parity change (Rank) (27) (45) (26) (21) (19) (27) (7) (2) (19) (53) 2.3.09 Legal and regulatory framework (Survey) 4.09 4.32 4.38 5.24 4.48 4.38 4.84 5.27 5.15 5.35 Unit: 0-10 (restrict- encourage) (Rank) (32) (33) (35) (29) (36) (34) (29) (27) (29) (29) 2.3.10 Adaptability of government policy (Survey) 4.11 4.59 4.13 5.03 3.57 3.93 4.87 5.84 4.81 5.35 Unit: 0-10 (low-high) (Rank) (29) (30) (37) (25) (41) (34) (19) (10) (25) (17) Government decisions (Survey) 3.24 3.55 3.67 4.30 2.77 3.66 4.61 5.30 4.39 Unit: 0-10 (ara not effectively-are effectively) (Rank) (37) (38) (44) (34) (50) (37) (24) (17) (35) 2.3.11 Transparency (Survey) 3.70 3.57 2.90 3.06 1.71 4.25 4.83 4.95 4.36 4.59 Unit: 0-10 (poor- satisfactory) (Rank) (33) (41) (50) (47) (57) (33) (25) (27) (33) (33) 2.3.12 Bureaucracy (Survey) 3.20 3.68 3.96 3.36 2.68 2.71 3.65 3.92 3.63 3.98 Unit: 0-10 (hinder-does not hinder) (Rank) (24) (25) (23) (29) (33) (34) (26) (22) (25) (25) 2.3.13 Bribery and corruption 1.79 1.80 2.08 1.78 1.41 2.04 2.90 2.85 2.63 3.12 Unit: 0-10 (exit-do not exit) (Rank) (40) (42) (42) (49) (55) (42) (39) (43) (44) (43)