Report IMD 2019

ก-30 Item Indicator 2553 (2010) 2554 (2011) 2555 (2012) 2556 (2013) 2557 (2014) 2558 (2015) 2559 (2016) 2560 (2017) 2561 (2018) 2562 (2019) 4.3.21 Intellectual property rights (Survey) 4.47 4.39 4.46 4.38 4.10 4.00 4.88 5.00 5.38 5.68 Unit: 0-10 (not adequately- adequately) (Rank) (46) (50) (49) (52) (53) (54) (46) (47) (47) (47) 4.3.22 Knowledge transfer (Survey) 4.48 4.32 4.58 4.61 4.19 4.00 4.41 4.81 4.97 5.24 Unit: 0-10 (lacking-highly developed) (Rank) (31) (39) (32) (33) (37) (44) (38) (33) (34) (32) Innovative capacity (Survey) 5.15 4.90 5.29 5.01 4.96 4.25 4.70 5.15 5.17 Unit: 0-10 (low-high) (Rank) (32) (44) (32) (34) (38) (51) (46) (37) (42) 4.4 Health and Environment 51 54 52 55 53 54 52 57 58 55 4.4.01 Total health expenditure 4.00 4.00 4.30 3.90 4.10 3.90 4.60 4.10 3.80 3.70 Unit: Percent (Rank) (53) (53) (53) (55) (54) (58) (52) (60) (59) (57) 4.4.02 Total health expenditure per capita (Background) 164.00 164.00 170.00 189.00 212.00 222.00 299.00 258.00 232.00 232.00 Unit: US$ (Rank) (54) (55) (56) (56) (57) (58) (57) (58) (58) (57) 4.4.03 Public expenditure on health (%) (Background) 75.10 75.10 75.80 75.00 75.46 76.40 80.10 77.83 77.10 78.14 Unit: Percent (Rank) (20) (20) (17) (21) (20) (17) (11) (18) (19) (20) 4.4.04 Health infrastructure (Survey) 6.11 6.25 6.45 6.30 6.21 6.19 6.09 6.34 6.20 6.48 Unit: 0-10 (not meet- meet) (Rank) (26) (30) (28) (31) (30) (28) (31) (30) (31) (28) 4.4.05 Universal health care covereage index 75.00 Unit: Index (Rank) (36) 4.4.06 Life expectancy at birth 70.00 70.00 74.10 74.30 74.30 74.40 74.40 74.60 74.60 75.50 Unit: Age (Rank) (52) (52) (43) (43) (43) (46) (47) (48) (48) (46) 4.4.07 Healthy life expectancy (Background) 62.10 62.50 62.50 62.50 62.60 65.90 65.60 66.70 67.40 67.10 Unit: Age (Rank) (48) (51) (51) (52) (53) (47) (43) (47) (44) (44) 4.4.08 Infant mortality (Background) 7.00 14.00 14.00 12.00 13.00 13.00 12.30 12.30 12.20 9.50 Unit: Rate (Rank) (32) (44) (44) (45) (46) (46) (47) (48) (50) (49) 4.4.09 Medical assistance - - - - - - - - - - Unit: Number (Rank) (55) (58) (57) (58) (57) (58) (58) (60) (60) (60) Per nurse 775.00 625.00 530.00 511.00 501.00 475.26 466.24 466.24 421.68 412.62 Per physician 2,739.00 3,458.00 3,493.00 3,429.00 3,435.00 3,330.65 3,335.10 3,335.10 2,056.67 2,026.73